Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints    Filter: Bindings Constraints Obligations
Observation	C	0..*	observation-vitalsigns	FHIR Vital Signs Profile Constraints: obs-6, obs-7, vs-2
implicitRules	?!Σ	0..1	uri	A set of rules under which this content was created
Slices for extension		0..*	Extension	Extension Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
extension:BodyPosition	S	0..1	CodeableConcept	Body Position URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/observation-bodyPosition
extension:exerciseAssociation	S	0..1	?gen-e1? [CanonicalType[http://hl7.org/fhir/us/vitals/StructureDefinition/ExerciseAssociationExt]]	Exercise Association URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/us/vitals/StructureDefinition/ExerciseAssociationExt
extension:MeasurementSetting	S	0..1	?gen-e1? [CanonicalType[http://hl7.org/fhir/us/vitals/StructureDefinition/MeasurementSettingExt]]	Measurement setting URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/us/vitals/StructureDefinition/MeasurementSettingExt
extension:MeasurementProtocol	S	0..1	?gen-e1? [CanonicalType[http://hl7.org/fhir/us/vitals/StructureDefinition/MeasurementProtocolExt]]	Rules and algorithm for Average Blood Pressure calculation. URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/us/vitals/StructureDefinition/MeasurementProtocolExt
modifierExtension	?!	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored
status	?!SΣ	1..1	code	registered | preliminary | final | amended + Binding: ObservationStatus (required)
Slices for category	S	1..*	CodeableConcept	Classification of type of observation Slice: Unordered, Open by value:coding.code, value:coding.system Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
category:VSCat	S	1..1	CodeableConcept	Classification of type of observation Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
coding	SΣ	1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system
system	SΣ	1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category
code	SΣ	1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: vital-signs
code	SΣ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Blood pressure panel unspecified time mean Binding: VitalSigns (extensible): This identifies the vital sign result type. Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (Complex)
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 96607-7
display		0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text		0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
subject	SΣ	1..1	Reference(US Core Patient Profile)	Who and/or what the observation is about
effective[x]	SΣC	1..1		Often just a dateTime for Vital Signs Constraints: vs-1
effectiveDateTime			dateTime
effectivePeriod			Period
dataAbsentReason	SC	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
bodySite	S	0..1	CodeableConcept	Observed body part Binding: http://hl7.org/fhir/us/vitals/ValueSet/bpmeasbodylocationprecoord (extensible): A set of codes that describe where on/in the body an observation or procedure took place
method	S	0..1	CodeableConcept	How it was done Binding: http://hl7.org/fhir/us/vitals/ValueSet/bpMeasMethodVS (extensible): A set of codes that describe the method used to measure a blood pressure
device	S	0..1	Reference(Blood Pressure Device)	Blood Pressure Device
Slices for component	SΣC	1..*	BackboneElement	Blood pressure components Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:code Constraints: vs-3
component:All Slices				Content/Rules for all slices
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code	SΣ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: VitalSigns (extensible): This identifies the vital sign result type.
value[x]	SΣC	0..1		Vital Sign Value recorded with UCUM Binding: VitalSignsUnits (extensible): Common UCUM units for recording Vital Signs.
valueQuantity			Quantity
valueCodeableConcept			CodeableConcept
valueString			string
valueBoolean			boolean
valueInteger			integer
valueRange			Range
valueRatio			Ratio
valueSampledData			SampledData
valueTime			time
valueDateTime			dateTime
valuePeriod			Period
dataAbsentReason	SC	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
component:SystolicBP	SΣC	1..1	BackboneElement	Systolic Blood Pressure Constraints: vs-3
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code	SΣ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Systolic blood pressure unspecified time mean Binding: VitalSigns (extensible): This identifies the vital sign result type. Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (Complex)
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 96608-5
display		0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text		0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
Slices for value[x]	SΣC	0..1	Quantity	Vital Sign Value recorded with UCUM Slice: Unordered, Closed by type:$this Binding: VitalSignsUnits (extensible): Common UCUM units for recording Vital Signs.
value[x]:valueQuantity	SΣC	0..1	Quantity	Vital Sign Value recorded with UCUM Binding: VitalSignsUnits (extensible): Common UCUM units for recording Vital Signs.
value	SΣ	1..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision)
comparator	?!Σ	0..1	code	< | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented.
unit	SΣ	1..1	string	Unit representation
system	SΣC	1..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form Fixed Value: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code	SΣ	1..1	code	Coded form of the unit Fixed Value: mm[Hg]
dataAbsentReason	SC	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
component:DiastolicBP	SΣC	0..1	BackboneElement	Diastolic Blood Pressure Constraints: vs-3
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code	SΣ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Diastolic blood pressure unspecified time mean Binding: VitalSigns (extensible): This identifies the vital sign result type. Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (Complex)
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 96609-3
display		0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text		0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
Slices for value[x]	SΣC	0..1	Quantity	Vital Sign Value recorded with UCUM Slice: Unordered, Closed by type:$this Binding: VitalSignsUnits (extensible): Common UCUM units for recording Vital Signs.
value[x]:valueQuantity	SΣC	0..1	Quantity	Vital Sign Value recorded with UCUM Binding: VitalSignsUnits (extensible): Common UCUM units for recording Vital Signs.
value	SΣ	1..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision)
comparator	?!Σ	0..1	code	< | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented.
unit	SΣ	1..1	string	Unit representation
system	SΣC	1..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form Fixed Value: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code	SΣ	1..1	code	Coded form of the unit Fixed Value: mm[Hg]
dataAbsentReason	SC	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path	Status	Usage	ValueSet	Version	Source
Observation.status	Base	required	ObservationStatus	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.category	Base	preferred	Observation Category Codes	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.category:VSCat	Base	preferred	Observation Category Codes	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.code	Base	extensible	Vital Signs	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.dataAbsentReason	Base	extensible	DataAbsentReason	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.bodySite	Base	extensible	http://hl7.org/fhir/us/vitals/ValueSet/bpmeasbodylocationprecoord	Not State	Unknown
Observation.method	Base	extensible	http://hl7.org/fhir/us/vitals/ValueSet/bpMeasMethodVS	Not State	Unknown
Observation.component.​code	Base	extensible	Vital Signs	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​value[x]	Base	extensible	Vital Signs Units	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​dataAbsentReason	Base	extensible	DataAbsentReason	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:SystolicBP.​code	Base	extensible	Vital Signs	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:SystolicBP.​value[x]	Base	extensible	Vital Signs Units	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:SystolicBP.​value[x]:valueQuantity	Base	extensible	Vital Signs Units	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:SystolicBP.​value[x]:valueQuantity.​comparator	Base	required	QuantityComparator	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:SystolicBP.​dataAbsentReason	Base	extensible	DataAbsentReason	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:DiastolicBP.​code	Base	extensible	Vital Signs	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:DiastolicBP.​value[x]	Base	extensible	Vital Signs Units	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:DiastolicBP.​value[x]:valueQuantity	Base	extensible	Vital Signs Units	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:DiastolicBP.​value[x]:valueQuantity.​comparator	Base	required	QuantityComparator	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:DiastolicBP.​dataAbsentReason	Base	extensible	DataAbsentReason	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.

Constraints

Id	Grade	Path(s)	Description	Expression
dom-2	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources	contained.contained.empty()
dom-3	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource	contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()
dom-4	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated	contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()
dom-5	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label	contained.meta.security.empty()
dom-6	best practice	Observation	A resource should have narrative for robust management	text.`div`.exists()
ele-1	error	**ALL** elements	All FHIR elements must have a @value or children	hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
ext-1	error	**ALL** extensions	Must have either extensions or value[x], not both	extension.exists() != value.exists()
obs-6	error	Observation	dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present	dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty()
obs-7	error	Observation	If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present	value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty()
vs-1	error	Observation.effective[x]	if Observation.effective[x] is dateTime and has a value then that value shall be precise to the day	$this is dateTime implies $this.toString().length() >= 10
vs-2	error	Observation	If there is no component or hasMember element then either a value[x] or a data absent reason must be present.	(component.empty() and hasMember.empty()) implies (dataAbsentReason.exists() or value.exists())
vs-3	error	Observation.component, Observation.component:SystolicBP, Observation.component:DiastolicBP	If there is no a value a data absent reason must be present	value.exists() or dataAbsentReason.exists()

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints    Filter: Bindings Constraints Obligations
Observation		0..*	observation-vitalsigns	FHIR Vital Signs Profile
Slices for extension		0..*	Extension	Extension Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
extension:BodyPosition	S	0..1	CodeableConcept	Body Position URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/observation-bodyPosition
extension:exerciseAssociation	S	0..1	?gen-e1? [CanonicalType[http://hl7.org/fhir/us/vitals/StructureDefinition/ExerciseAssociationExt]]	Exercise Association URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/us/vitals/StructureDefinition/ExerciseAssociationExt
extension:MeasurementSetting	S	0..1	?gen-e1? [CanonicalType[http://hl7.org/fhir/us/vitals/StructureDefinition/MeasurementSettingExt]]	Measurement setting URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/us/vitals/StructureDefinition/MeasurementSettingExt
extension:MeasurementProtocol	S	0..1	?gen-e1? [CanonicalType[http://hl7.org/fhir/us/vitals/StructureDefinition/MeasurementProtocolExt]]	Rules and algorithm for Average Blood Pressure calculation. URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/us/vitals/StructureDefinition/MeasurementProtocolExt
code		1..1	CodeableConcept	Blood pressure panel unspecified time mean Required Pattern: At least the following
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (Complex)
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 96607-7
subject		1..1	Reference(US Core Patient Profile)	Who and/or what the observation is about
value[x]		0..0		Vital Signs value are recorded using the Quantity data type. For supporting observations such as Cuff size could use other datatypes such as CodeableConcept.
bodySite	S	0..1	CodeableConcept	Observed body part Binding: http://hl7.org/fhir/us/vitals/ValueSet/bpmeasbodylocationprecoord (extensible): A set of codes that describe where on/in the body an observation or procedure took place
method	S	0..1	CodeableConcept	How it was done Binding: http://hl7.org/fhir/us/vitals/ValueSet/bpMeasMethodVS (extensible): A set of codes that describe the method used to measure a blood pressure
specimen		0..0		Specimen used for this observation
device	S	0..1	Reference(Blood Pressure Device)	Blood Pressure Device
Slices for component		1..*	BackboneElement	Blood pressure components Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:code
component:SystolicBP		1..1	BackboneElement	Systolic Blood Pressure
code		1..1	CodeableConcept	Systolic blood pressure unspecified time mean Required Pattern: At least the following
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (Complex)
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 96608-5
value[x]		0..1	Quantity	Vital Sign Value recorded with UCUM Slice: Unordered, Open by type:$this
valueQuantity	S	0..1	Quantity	Vital Sign Value recorded with UCUM
value	S	1..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision)
unit	S	1..1	string	Unit representation
system	S	1..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form Fixed Value: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code	S	1..1	code	Coded form of the unit Fixed Value: mm[Hg]
component:DiastolicBP		0..1	BackboneElement	Diastolic Blood Pressure
code		1..1	CodeableConcept	Diastolic blood pressure unspecified time mean Required Pattern: At least the following
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (Complex)
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 96609-3
value[x]		0..1	Quantity	Vital Sign Value recorded with UCUM Slice: Unordered, Open by type:$this
valueQuantity	S	0..1	Quantity	Vital Sign Value recorded with UCUM
value	S	1..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision)
unit	S	1..1	string	Unit representation
system	S	1..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form Fixed Value: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code	S	1..1	code	Coded form of the unit Fixed Value: mm[Hg]
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings (Differential)

Path	Status	Usage	ValueSet	Version	Source
Observation.bodySite	Base	extensible	http://hl7.org/fhir/us/vitals/ValueSet/bpmeasbodylocationprecoord	Not State	Unknown
Observation.method	Base	extensible	http://hl7.org/fhir/us/vitals/ValueSet/bpMeasMethodVS	Not State	Unknown

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints    Filter: Bindings Constraints Obligations
Observation	C	0..*	observation-vitalsigns	FHIR Vital Signs Profile Constraints: obs-6, obs-7, vs-2
id	Σ	0..1	id	Logical id of this artifact
meta	Σ	0..1	Meta	Metadata about the resource
implicitRules	?!Σ	0..1	uri	A set of rules under which this content was created
language		0..1	code	Language of the resource content Binding: CommonLanguages (preferred): A human language. Additional Bindings Purpose AllLanguages Max Binding
text		0..1	Narrative	Text summary of the resource, for human interpretation This profile does not constrain the narrative in regard to content, language, or traceability to data elements
contained		0..*	Resource	Contained, inline Resources
Slices for extension		0..*	Extension	Extension Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
extension:BodyPosition	S	0..1	CodeableConcept	Body Position URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/observation-bodyPosition
extension:exerciseAssociation	S	0..1	?gen-e1? [CanonicalType[http://hl7.org/fhir/us/vitals/StructureDefinition/ExerciseAssociationExt]]	Exercise Association URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/us/vitals/StructureDefinition/ExerciseAssociationExt
extension:MeasurementSetting	S	0..1	?gen-e1? [CanonicalType[http://hl7.org/fhir/us/vitals/StructureDefinition/MeasurementSettingExt]]	Measurement setting URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/us/vitals/StructureDefinition/MeasurementSettingExt
extension:MeasurementProtocol	S	0..1	?gen-e1? [CanonicalType[http://hl7.org/fhir/us/vitals/StructureDefinition/MeasurementProtocolExt]]	Rules and algorithm for Average Blood Pressure calculation. URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/us/vitals/StructureDefinition/MeasurementProtocolExt
modifierExtension	?!	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored
identifier	Σ	0..*	Identifier	Business Identifier for observation
basedOn	Σ	0..*	Reference(CarePlan | DeviceRequest | ImmunizationRecommendation | MedicationRequest | NutritionOrder | ServiceRequest)	Fulfills plan, proposal or order
partOf	Σ	0..*	Reference(MedicationAdministration | MedicationDispense | MedicationStatement | Procedure | Immunization | ImagingStudy)	Part of referenced event
status	?!SΣ	1..1	code	registered | preliminary | final | amended + Binding: ObservationStatus (required)
Slices for category	S	1..*	CodeableConcept	Classification of type of observation Slice: Unordered, Open by value:coding.code, value:coding.system Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
category:VSCat	S	1..1	CodeableConcept	Classification of type of observation Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
coding	SΣ	1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
system	SΣ	1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category
version	Σ	0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code	SΣ	1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: vital-signs
display	Σ	0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected	Σ	0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text	Σ	0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
code	SΣ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Blood pressure panel unspecified time mean Binding: VitalSigns (extensible): This identifies the vital sign result type. Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (Complex)
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 96607-7
display		0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text		0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
subject	SΣ	1..1	Reference(US Core Patient Profile)	Who and/or what the observation is about
focus	Σ	0..*	Reference(Resource)	What the observation is about, when it is not about the subject of record
encounter	Σ	0..1	Reference(Encounter)	Healthcare event during which this observation is made
effective[x]	SΣC	1..1		Often just a dateTime for Vital Signs Constraints: vs-1
effectiveDateTime			dateTime
effectivePeriod			Period
issued	Σ	0..1	instant	Date/Time this version was made available
performer	Σ	0..*	Reference(Practitioner | PractitionerRole | Organization | CareTeam | Patient | RelatedPerson)	Who is responsible for the observation
dataAbsentReason	SC	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation		0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
note		0..*	Annotation	Comments about the observation
bodySite	S	0..1	CodeableConcept	Observed body part Binding: http://hl7.org/fhir/us/vitals/ValueSet/bpmeasbodylocationprecoord (extensible): A set of codes that describe where on/in the body an observation or procedure took place
method	S	0..1	CodeableConcept	How it was done Binding: http://hl7.org/fhir/us/vitals/ValueSet/bpMeasMethodVS (extensible): A set of codes that describe the method used to measure a blood pressure
device	S	0..1	Reference(Blood Pressure Device)	Blood Pressure Device
referenceRange	C	0..*	BackboneElement	Provides guide for interpretation Constraints: obs-3
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
low	C	0..1	SimpleQuantity(4.0.1)	Low Range, if relevant
high	C	0..1	SimpleQuantity(4.0.1)	High Range, if relevant
type		0..1	CodeableConcept	Reference range qualifier Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes (preferred): Code for the meaning of a reference range.
appliesTo		0..*	CodeableConcept	Reference range population Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes (example): Codes identifying the population the reference range applies to.
age		0..1	Range	Applicable age range, if relevant
text		0..1	string	Text based reference range in an observation
hasMember	Σ	0..*	Reference(QuestionnaireResponse | MolecularSequence | Vital Signs Profile)	Used when reporting vital signs panel components
derivedFrom	Σ	0..*	Reference(DocumentReference | ImagingStudy | Media | QuestionnaireResponse | MolecularSequence | Vital Signs Profile)	Related measurements the observation is made from
Slices for component	SΣC	1..*	BackboneElement	Blood pressure components Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:code Constraints: vs-3
component:All Slices				Content/Rules for all slices
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code	SΣ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: VitalSigns (extensible): This identifies the vital sign result type.
value[x]	SΣC	0..1		Vital Sign Value recorded with UCUM Binding: VitalSignsUnits (extensible): Common UCUM units for recording Vital Signs.
valueQuantity			Quantity
valueCodeableConcept			CodeableConcept
valueString			string
valueBoolean			boolean
valueInteger			integer
valueRange			Range
valueRatio			Ratio
valueSampledData			SampledData
valueTime			time
valueDateTime			dateTime
valuePeriod			Period
dataAbsentReason	SC	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation		0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
referenceRange		0..*	See referenceRange (Observation)	Provides guide for interpretation of component result
component:SystolicBP	SΣC	1..1	BackboneElement	Systolic Blood Pressure Constraints: vs-3
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code	SΣ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Systolic blood pressure unspecified time mean Binding: VitalSigns (extensible): This identifies the vital sign result type. Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (Complex)
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 96608-5
display		0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text		0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
Slices for value[x]	SΣC	0..1	Quantity	Vital Sign Value recorded with UCUM Slice: Unordered, Closed by type:$this Binding: VitalSignsUnits (extensible): Common UCUM units for recording Vital Signs.
value[x]:valueQuantity	SΣC	0..1	Quantity	Vital Sign Value recorded with UCUM Binding: VitalSignsUnits (extensible): Common UCUM units for recording Vital Signs.
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
value	SΣ	1..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision)
comparator	?!Σ	0..1	code	< | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented.
unit	SΣ	1..1	string	Unit representation
system	SΣC	1..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form Fixed Value: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code	SΣ	1..1	code	Coded form of the unit Fixed Value: mm[Hg]
dataAbsentReason	SC	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation		0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
referenceRange		0..*	See referenceRange (Observation)	Provides guide for interpretation of component result
component:DiastolicBP	SΣC	0..1	BackboneElement	Diastolic Blood Pressure Constraints: vs-3
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code	SΣ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Diastolic blood pressure unspecified time mean Binding: VitalSigns (extensible): This identifies the vital sign result type. Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (Complex)
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 96609-3
display		0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text		0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
Slices for value[x]	SΣC	0..1	Quantity	Vital Sign Value recorded with UCUM Slice: Unordered, Closed by type:$this Binding: VitalSignsUnits (extensible): Common UCUM units for recording Vital Signs.
value[x]:valueQuantity	SΣC	0..1	Quantity	Vital Sign Value recorded with UCUM Binding: VitalSignsUnits (extensible): Common UCUM units for recording Vital Signs.
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
value	SΣ	1..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision)
comparator	?!Σ	0..1	code	< | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented.
unit	SΣ	1..1	string	Unit representation
system	SΣC	1..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form Fixed Value: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code	SΣ	1..1	code	Coded form of the unit Fixed Value: mm[Hg]
dataAbsentReason	SC	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation		0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
referenceRange		0..*	See referenceRange (Observation)	Provides guide for interpretation of component result
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path	Status	Usage	ValueSet	Version	Source
Observation.language	Base	preferred	Common Languages	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.status	Base	required	ObservationStatus	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.category	Base	preferred	Observation Category Codes	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.category:VSCat	Base	preferred	Observation Category Codes	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.code	Base	extensible	Vital Signs	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.dataAbsentReason	Base	extensible	DataAbsentReason	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.interpretation	Base	extensible	Observation Interpretation Codes	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.bodySite	Base	extensible	http://hl7.org/fhir/us/vitals/ValueSet/bpmeasbodylocationprecoord	Not State	Unknown
Observation.method	Base	extensible	http://hl7.org/fhir/us/vitals/ValueSet/bpMeasMethodVS	Not State	Unknown
Observation.referenceRange.​type	Base	preferred	Observation Reference Range Meaning Codes	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.referenceRange.​appliesTo	Base	example	Observation Reference Range Applies To Codes	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​code	Base	extensible	Vital Signs	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​value[x]	Base	extensible	Vital Signs Units	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​dataAbsentReason	Base	extensible	DataAbsentReason	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​interpretation	Base	extensible	Observation Interpretation Codes	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:SystolicBP.​code	Base	extensible	Vital Signs	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:SystolicBP.​value[x]	Base	extensible	Vital Signs Units	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:SystolicBP.​value[x]:valueQuantity	Base	extensible	Vital Signs Units	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:SystolicBP.​value[x]:valueQuantity.​comparator	Base	required	QuantityComparator	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:SystolicBP.​dataAbsentReason	Base	extensible	DataAbsentReason	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:SystolicBP.​interpretation	Base	extensible	Observation Interpretation Codes	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:DiastolicBP.​code	Base	extensible	Vital Signs	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:DiastolicBP.​value[x]	Base	extensible	Vital Signs Units	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:DiastolicBP.​value[x]:valueQuantity	Base	extensible	Vital Signs Units	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:DiastolicBP.​value[x]:valueQuantity.​comparator	Base	required	QuantityComparator	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:DiastolicBP.​dataAbsentReason	Base	extensible	DataAbsentReason	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:DiastolicBP.​interpretation	Base	extensible	Observation Interpretation Codes	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.

Constraints

Id	Grade	Path(s)	Description	Expression
dom-2	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources	contained.contained.empty()
dom-3	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource	contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()
dom-4	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated	contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()
dom-5	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label	contained.meta.security.empty()
dom-6	best practice	Observation	A resource should have narrative for robust management	text.`div`.exists()
ele-1	error	**ALL** elements	All FHIR elements must have a @value or children	hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
ext-1	error	**ALL** extensions	Must have either extensions or value[x], not both	extension.exists() != value.exists()
obs-3	error	Observation.referenceRange	Must have at least a low or a high or text	low.exists() or high.exists() or text.exists()
obs-6	error	Observation	dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present	dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty()
obs-7	error	Observation	If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present	value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty()
vs-1	error	Observation.effective[x]	if Observation.effective[x] is dateTime and has a value then that value shall be precise to the day	$this is dateTime implies $this.toString().length() >= 10
vs-2	error	Observation	If there is no component or hasMember element then either a value[x] or a data absent reason must be present.	(component.empty() and hasMember.empty()) implies (dataAbsentReason.exists() or value.exists())
vs-3	error	Observation.component, Observation.component:SystolicBP, Observation.component:DiastolicBP	If there is no a value a data absent reason must be present	value.exists() or dataAbsentReason.exists()

Summary

Mandatory: 2 elements(8 nested mandatory elements)
Must-Support: 17 elements
Fixed: 4 elements
Prohibited: 2 elements

Structures

This structure refers to these other structures:

• US Core Patient Profile (http://hl7.org/fhir/us/core/StructureDefinition/us-core-patient)
• Blood Pressure Device (http://hl7.org/fhir/us/vitals/StructureDefinition/bp-device)

Extensions

This structure refers to these extensions:

• http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/observation-bodyPosition
• Unable to summarise extension http://hl7.org/fhir/us/vitals/StructureDefinition/ExerciseAssociationExt (no extension found)
• Unable to summarise extension http://hl7.org/fhir/us/vitals/StructureDefinition/MeasurementSettingExt (no extension found)
• Unable to summarise extension http://hl7.org/fhir/us/vitals/StructureDefinition/MeasurementProtocolExt (no extension found)

Slices

This structure defines the following Slices:

• The element 1 is sliced based on the value of Observation.component
• The element 1 is sliced based on the value of Observation.component.value[x]

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints    Filter: Bindings Constraints Obligations
Observation	C	0..*	observation-vitalsigns	FHIR Vital Signs Profile Constraints: obs-6, obs-7, vs-2
implicitRules	?!Σ	0..1	uri	A set of rules under which this content was created
Slices for extension		0..*	Extension	Extension Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
extension:BodyPosition	S	0..1	CodeableConcept	Body Position URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/observation-bodyPosition
extension:exerciseAssociation	S	0..1	?gen-e1? [CanonicalType[http://hl7.org/fhir/us/vitals/StructureDefinition/ExerciseAssociationExt]]	Exercise Association URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/us/vitals/StructureDefinition/ExerciseAssociationExt
extension:MeasurementSetting	S	0..1	?gen-e1? [CanonicalType[http://hl7.org/fhir/us/vitals/StructureDefinition/MeasurementSettingExt]]	Measurement setting URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/us/vitals/StructureDefinition/MeasurementSettingExt
extension:MeasurementProtocol	S	0..1	?gen-e1? [CanonicalType[http://hl7.org/fhir/us/vitals/StructureDefinition/MeasurementProtocolExt]]	Rules and algorithm for Average Blood Pressure calculation. URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/us/vitals/StructureDefinition/MeasurementProtocolExt
modifierExtension	?!	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored
status	?!SΣ	1..1	code	registered | preliminary | final | amended + Binding: ObservationStatus (required)
Slices for category	S	1..*	CodeableConcept	Classification of type of observation Slice: Unordered, Open by value:coding.code, value:coding.system Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
category:VSCat	S	1..1	CodeableConcept	Classification of type of observation Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
coding	SΣ	1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system
system	SΣ	1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category
code	SΣ	1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: vital-signs
code	SΣ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Blood pressure panel unspecified time mean Binding: VitalSigns (extensible): This identifies the vital sign result type. Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (Complex)
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 96607-7
display		0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text		0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
subject	SΣ	1..1	Reference(US Core Patient Profile)	Who and/or what the observation is about
effective[x]	SΣC	1..1		Often just a dateTime for Vital Signs Constraints: vs-1
effectiveDateTime			dateTime
effectivePeriod			Period
dataAbsentReason	SC	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
bodySite	S	0..1	CodeableConcept	Observed body part Binding: http://hl7.org/fhir/us/vitals/ValueSet/bpmeasbodylocationprecoord (extensible): A set of codes that describe where on/in the body an observation or procedure took place
method	S	0..1	CodeableConcept	How it was done Binding: http://hl7.org/fhir/us/vitals/ValueSet/bpMeasMethodVS (extensible): A set of codes that describe the method used to measure a blood pressure
device	S	0..1	Reference(Blood Pressure Device)	Blood Pressure Device
Slices for component	SΣC	1..*	BackboneElement	Blood pressure components Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:code Constraints: vs-3
component:All Slices				Content/Rules for all slices
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code	SΣ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: VitalSigns (extensible): This identifies the vital sign result type.
value[x]	SΣC	0..1		Vital Sign Value recorded with UCUM Binding: VitalSignsUnits (extensible): Common UCUM units for recording Vital Signs.
valueQuantity			Quantity
valueCodeableConcept			CodeableConcept
valueString			string
valueBoolean			boolean
valueInteger			integer
valueRange			Range
valueRatio			Ratio
valueSampledData			SampledData
valueTime			time
valueDateTime			dateTime
valuePeriod			Period
dataAbsentReason	SC	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
component:SystolicBP	SΣC	1..1	BackboneElement	Systolic Blood Pressure Constraints: vs-3
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code	SΣ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Systolic blood pressure unspecified time mean Binding: VitalSigns (extensible): This identifies the vital sign result type. Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (Complex)
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 96608-5
display		0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text		0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
Slices for value[x]	SΣC	0..1	Quantity	Vital Sign Value recorded with UCUM Slice: Unordered, Closed by type:$this Binding: VitalSignsUnits (extensible): Common UCUM units for recording Vital Signs.
value[x]:valueQuantity	SΣC	0..1	Quantity	Vital Sign Value recorded with UCUM Binding: VitalSignsUnits (extensible): Common UCUM units for recording Vital Signs.
value	SΣ	1..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision)
comparator	?!Σ	0..1	code	< | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented.
unit	SΣ	1..1	string	Unit representation
system	SΣC	1..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form Fixed Value: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code	SΣ	1..1	code	Coded form of the unit Fixed Value: mm[Hg]
dataAbsentReason	SC	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
component:DiastolicBP	SΣC	0..1	BackboneElement	Diastolic Blood Pressure Constraints: vs-3
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code	SΣ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Diastolic blood pressure unspecified time mean Binding: VitalSigns (extensible): This identifies the vital sign result type. Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (Complex)
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 96609-3
display		0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text		0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
Slices for value[x]	SΣC	0..1	Quantity	Vital Sign Value recorded with UCUM Slice: Unordered, Closed by type:$this Binding: VitalSignsUnits (extensible): Common UCUM units for recording Vital Signs.
value[x]:valueQuantity	SΣC	0..1	Quantity	Vital Sign Value recorded with UCUM Binding: VitalSignsUnits (extensible): Common UCUM units for recording Vital Signs.
value	SΣ	1..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision)
comparator	?!Σ	0..1	code	< | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented.
unit	SΣ	1..1	string	Unit representation
system	SΣC	1..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form Fixed Value: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code	SΣ	1..1	code	Coded form of the unit Fixed Value: mm[Hg]
dataAbsentReason	SC	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path	Status	Usage	ValueSet	Version	Source
Observation.status	Base	required	ObservationStatus	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.category	Base	preferred	Observation Category Codes	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.category:VSCat	Base	preferred	Observation Category Codes	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.code	Base	extensible	Vital Signs	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.dataAbsentReason	Base	extensible	DataAbsentReason	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.bodySite	Base	extensible	http://hl7.org/fhir/us/vitals/ValueSet/bpmeasbodylocationprecoord	Not State	Unknown
Observation.method	Base	extensible	http://hl7.org/fhir/us/vitals/ValueSet/bpMeasMethodVS	Not State	Unknown
Observation.component.​code	Base	extensible	Vital Signs	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​value[x]	Base	extensible	Vital Signs Units	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​dataAbsentReason	Base	extensible	DataAbsentReason	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:SystolicBP.​code	Base	extensible	Vital Signs	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:SystolicBP.​value[x]	Base	extensible	Vital Signs Units	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:SystolicBP.​value[x]:valueQuantity	Base	extensible	Vital Signs Units	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:SystolicBP.​value[x]:valueQuantity.​comparator	Base	required	QuantityComparator	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:SystolicBP.​dataAbsentReason	Base	extensible	DataAbsentReason	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:DiastolicBP.​code	Base	extensible	Vital Signs	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:DiastolicBP.​value[x]	Base	extensible	Vital Signs Units	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:DiastolicBP.​value[x]:valueQuantity	Base	extensible	Vital Signs Units	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:DiastolicBP.​value[x]:valueQuantity.​comparator	Base	required	QuantityComparator	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
Observation.component:DiastolicBP.​dataAbsentReason	Base	extensible	DataAbsentReason	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.

Constraints

Id	Grade	Path(s)	Description	Expression
dom-2	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources	contained.contained.empty()
dom-3	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource	contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()
dom-4	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated	contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()
dom-5	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label	contained.meta.security.empty()
dom-6	best practice	Observation	A resource should have narrative for robust management	text.`div`.exists()
ele-1	error	**ALL** elements	All FHIR elements must have a @value or children	hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
ext-1	error	**ALL** extensions	Must have either extensions or value[x], not both	extension.exists() != value.exists()
obs-6	error	Observation	dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present	dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty()
obs-7	error	Observation	If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present	value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty()
vs-1	error	Observation.effective[x]	if Observation.effective[x] is dateTime and has a value then that value shall be precise to the day	$this is dateTime implies $this.toString().length() >= 10
vs-2	error	Observation	If there is no component or hasMember element then either a value[x] or a data absent reason must be present.	(component.empty() and hasMember.empty()) implies (dataAbsentReason.exists() or value.exists())
vs-3	error	Observation.component, Observation.component:SystolicBP, Observation.component:DiastolicBP	If there is no a value a data absent reason must be present	value.exists() or dataAbsentReason.exists()