0.5.12 - ci-build
SpaceflightHealthSimulationsReferenceDocumentation - Local Development build (v0.5.12) built by the FHIR (HL7® FHIR® Standard) Build Tools. See the Directory of published versions
| Active as of 2026-03-25 |
{
"resourceType" : "CodeSystem",
"id" : "crewed-mars-missions-cs",
"text" : {
"status" : "generated",
"div" : "<div xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml\"><p class=\"res-header-id\"><b>Generated Narrative: CodeSystem crewed-mars-missions-cs</b></p><a name=\"crewed-mars-missions-cs\"> </a><a name=\"hccrewed-mars-missions-cs\"> </a><p><b>Properties</b></p><p><b>This code system defines the following properties for its concepts</b></p><table class=\"grid\"><tr><td><b>Name</b></td><td><b>Code</b></td><td><b>URI</b></td><td><b>Type</b></td><td><b>Description</b></td></tr><tr><td>proposer</td><td>proposer</td><td>http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/aerospace/CodeSystem/crewed-mars-missions-cs#proposer</td><td>string</td><td>Organization or individual proposing the architecture</td></tr><tr><td>year</td><td>year</td><td>http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/aerospace/CodeSystem/crewed-mars-missions-cs#year</td><td>integer</td><td>Year of proposal or major update</td></tr><tr><td>crewSize</td><td>crewSize</td><td>http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/aerospace/CodeSystem/crewed-mars-missions-cs#crewSize</td><td>integer</td><td>Nominal crew size</td></tr><tr><td>surfaceStayDays</td><td>surfaceStayDays</td><td>http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/aerospace/CodeSystem/crewed-mars-missions-cs#surfaceStayDays</td><td>integer</td><td>Planned surface stay duration in days</td></tr></table><p><b>Concepts</b></p><p>This case-sensitive code system <code>http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/aerospace/CodeSystem/crewed-mars-missions-cs</code> defines the following codes:</p><table class=\"codes\"><tr><td style=\"white-space:nowrap\"><b>Code</b></td><td><b>Display</b></td><td><b>Definition</b></td><td><b>proposer</b></td><td><b>year</b></td><td><b>crewSize</b></td><td><b>surfaceStayDays</b></td></tr><tr><td style=\"white-space:nowrap\">marsDirect<a name=\"crewed-mars-missions-cs-marsDirect\"> </a></td><td>Mars Direct (Zubrin 1990)</td><td>Two-launch architecture with ISRU propellant production on Mars, direct Earth-Mars transit, 18-month surface stay, artificial gravity tether, crew of 4</td><td>Robert Zubrin / Mars Society</td><td>1990</td><td>4</td><td>550</td></tr><tr><td style=\"white-space:nowrap\">nasaDRM1<a name=\"crewed-mars-missions-cs-nasaDRM1\"> </a></td><td>NASA Design Reference Mission 1.0 (1993)</td><td>NASA's first Mars Semi-Direct adaptation, split missions with ISRU but added Mars Orbit Rendezvous with MAV</td><td>NASA</td><td>1993</td><td>4</td><td/></tr><tr><td style=\"white-space:nowrap\">nasaDRM3<a name=\"crewed-mars-missions-cs-nasaDRM3\"> </a></td><td>NASA Design Reference Mission 3.0 (1998)</td><td>NASA DRM evolution with increased crew size (6) and hardware redundancy, Semi-Direct architecture</td><td>NASA</td><td>1998</td><td>6</td><td/></tr><tr><td style=\"white-space:nowrap\">nasaDRA5<a name=\"crewed-mars-missions-cs-nasaDRA5\"> </a></td><td>NASA Design Reference Architecture 5.0 (2009)</td><td>Conjunction-class mission with ~3 launches, nuclear thermal rockets for cargo, fission surface power (~25 kW), long surface stays</td><td>NASA</td><td>2009</td><td>6</td><td>500</td></tr><tr><td style=\"white-space:nowrap\">austereMars<a name=\"crewed-mars-missions-cs-austereMars\"> </a></td><td>NASA Austere Human Missions to Mars (2009)</td><td>Cost-reduced DRA 5.0 variant with simplified technology, 4 crew, reduced infrastructure</td><td>NASA</td><td>2009</td><td>4</td><td/></tr><tr><td style=\"white-space:nowrap\">journeyToMars<a name=\"crewed-mars-missions-cs-journeyToMars\"> </a></td><td>NASA Journey to Mars (2015)</td><td>Moon-first strategy (Artemis), then Mars in 2030s, incremental capability buildup, Gateway staging</td><td>NASA</td><td>2015</td><td/><td/></tr><tr><td style=\"white-space:nowrap\">spacexStarship<a name=\"crewed-mars-missions-cs-spacexStarship\"> </a></td><td>SpaceX Starship Mars Plan (2016-present)</td><td>Commercial plan using fully reusable Starship, orbital refueling (10-14 tankers), ISRU for return, target ~2029-2031</td><td>SpaceX / Elon Musk</td><td>2016</td><td>12</td><td>180</td></tr><tr><td style=\"white-space:nowrap\">marsOne<a name=\"crewed-mars-missions-cs-marsOne\"> </a></td><td>Mars One (2012-2019)</td><td>Private one-way colonization concept, planned 2023 launch, project defunct 2019</td><td>Mars One / Bas Lansdorp</td><td>2012</td><td>4</td><td/></tr><tr><td style=\"white-space:nowrap\">inspirationMars<a name=\"crewed-mars-missions-cs-inspirationMars\"> </a></td><td>Inspiration Mars (2013)</td><td>Proposed crewed Mars flyby (Dennis Tito plan for 2018 launch window), not surface landing</td><td>Dennis Tito / Inspiration Mars Foundation</td><td>2013</td><td>2</td><td/></tr><tr><td style=\"white-space:nowrap\">projectOlympus<a name=\"crewed-mars-missions-cs-projectOlympus\"> </a></td><td>Project Olympus / Athena (2025)</td><td>Jared Isaacman plan for accelerated NASA-commercial Mars efforts, uncrewed demo by 2026, nuclear-electric propulsion priority</td><td>Jared Isaacman</td><td>2025</td><td/><td/></tr></table></div>"
},
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/aerospace/CodeSystem/crewed-mars-missions-cs",
"version" : "0.5.12",
"name" : "CrewedMarsMissionsCS",
"title" : "Human Mars Mission Plans",
"status" : "active",
"experimental" : false,
"date" : "2026-03-25T00:24:16-05:00",
"publisher" : "MITRE",
"contact" : [
{
"name" : "MITRE",
"telecom" : [
{
"system" : "url",
"value" : "https://www.mitre.org/"
}
]
}
],
"description" : "Proposed or conceptual human mission architectures to Mars (Mars Direct, NASA DRMs, SpaceX, etc.)",
"caseSensitive" : true,
"content" : "complete",
"count" : 10,
"property" : [
{
"code" : "proposer",
"uri" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/aerospace/CodeSystem/crewed-mars-missions-cs#proposer",
"description" : "Organization or individual proposing the architecture",
"type" : "string"
},
{
"code" : "year",
"uri" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/aerospace/CodeSystem/crewed-mars-missions-cs#year",
"description" : "Year of proposal or major update",
"type" : "integer"
},
{
"code" : "crewSize",
"uri" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/aerospace/CodeSystem/crewed-mars-missions-cs#crewSize",
"description" : "Nominal crew size",
"type" : "integer"
},
{
"code" : "surfaceStayDays",
"uri" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/aerospace/CodeSystem/crewed-mars-missions-cs#surfaceStayDays",
"description" : "Planned surface stay duration in days",
"type" : "integer"
}
],
"concept" : [
{
"code" : "marsDirect",
"display" : "Mars Direct (Zubrin 1990)",
"definition" : "Two-launch architecture with ISRU propellant production on Mars, direct Earth-Mars transit, 18-month surface stay, artificial gravity tether, crew of 4",
"property" : [
{
"code" : "proposer",
"valueString" : "Robert Zubrin / Mars Society"
},
{
"code" : "year",
"valueInteger" : 1990
},
{
"code" : "crewSize",
"valueInteger" : 4
},
{
"code" : "surfaceStayDays",
"valueInteger" : 550
}
]
},
{
"code" : "nasaDRM1",
"display" : "NASA Design Reference Mission 1.0 (1993)",
"definition" : "NASA's first Mars Semi-Direct adaptation, split missions with ISRU but added Mars Orbit Rendezvous with MAV",
"property" : [
{
"code" : "proposer",
"valueString" : "NASA"
},
{
"code" : "year",
"valueInteger" : 1993
},
{
"code" : "crewSize",
"valueInteger" : 4
}
]
},
{
"code" : "nasaDRM3",
"display" : "NASA Design Reference Mission 3.0 (1998)",
"definition" : "NASA DRM evolution with increased crew size (6) and hardware redundancy, Semi-Direct architecture",
"property" : [
{
"code" : "proposer",
"valueString" : "NASA"
},
{
"code" : "year",
"valueInteger" : 1998
},
{
"code" : "crewSize",
"valueInteger" : 6
}
]
},
{
"code" : "nasaDRA5",
"display" : "NASA Design Reference Architecture 5.0 (2009)",
"definition" : "Conjunction-class mission with ~3 launches, nuclear thermal rockets for cargo, fission surface power (~25 kW), long surface stays",
"property" : [
{
"code" : "proposer",
"valueString" : "NASA"
},
{
"code" : "year",
"valueInteger" : 2009
},
{
"code" : "crewSize",
"valueInteger" : 6
},
{
"code" : "surfaceStayDays",
"valueInteger" : 500
}
]
},
{
"code" : "austereMars",
"display" : "NASA Austere Human Missions to Mars (2009)",
"definition" : "Cost-reduced DRA 5.0 variant with simplified technology, 4 crew, reduced infrastructure",
"property" : [
{
"code" : "proposer",
"valueString" : "NASA"
},
{
"code" : "year",
"valueInteger" : 2009
},
{
"code" : "crewSize",
"valueInteger" : 4
}
]
},
{
"code" : "journeyToMars",
"display" : "NASA Journey to Mars (2015)",
"definition" : "Moon-first strategy (Artemis), then Mars in 2030s, incremental capability buildup, Gateway staging",
"property" : [
{
"code" : "proposer",
"valueString" : "NASA"
},
{
"code" : "year",
"valueInteger" : 2015
}
]
},
{
"code" : "spacexStarship",
"display" : "SpaceX Starship Mars Plan (2016-present)",
"definition" : "Commercial plan using fully reusable Starship, orbital refueling (10-14 tankers), ISRU for return, target ~2029-2031",
"property" : [
{
"code" : "proposer",
"valueString" : "SpaceX / Elon Musk"
},
{
"code" : "year",
"valueInteger" : 2016
},
{
"code" : "crewSize",
"valueInteger" : 12
},
{
"code" : "surfaceStayDays",
"valueInteger" : 180
}
]
},
{
"code" : "marsOne",
"display" : "Mars One (2012-2019)",
"definition" : "Private one-way colonization concept, planned 2023 launch, project defunct 2019",
"property" : [
{
"code" : "proposer",
"valueString" : "Mars One / Bas Lansdorp"
},
{
"code" : "year",
"valueInteger" : 2012
},
{
"code" : "crewSize",
"valueInteger" : 4
}
]
},
{
"code" : "inspirationMars",
"display" : "Inspiration Mars (2013)",
"definition" : "Proposed crewed Mars flyby (Dennis Tito plan for 2018 launch window), not surface landing",
"property" : [
{
"code" : "proposer",
"valueString" : "Dennis Tito / Inspiration Mars Foundation"
},
{
"code" : "year",
"valueInteger" : 2013
},
{
"code" : "crewSize",
"valueInteger" : 2
}
]
},
{
"code" : "projectOlympus",
"display" : "Project Olympus / Athena (2025)",
"definition" : "Jared Isaacman plan for accelerated NASA-commercial Mars efforts, uncrewed demo by 2026, nuclear-electric propulsion priority",
"property" : [
{
"code" : "proposer",
"valueString" : "Jared Isaacman"
},
{
"code" : "year",
"valueInteger" : 2025
}
]
}
]
}